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Literature summary extracted from

  • Yahyaa, M.; Matsuba, Y.; Brandt, W.; Doron-Faigenboim, A.; Bar, E.; McClain, A.; Davidovich-Rikanati, R.; Lewinsohn, E.; Pichersky, E.; Ibdah, M.
    Identification, functional characterization, and evolution of terpene synthases from a basal dicot (2015), Plant Physiol., 169, 1683-1697 .
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
4.2.3.108 gene TPS1, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, recombinant expression of His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) Laurus nobilis
4.2.3.144 gene LnTPS3, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, recombinant expression of His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) from expression vector pEXP5-CT/TOPO TA Laurus nobilis

KM Value [mM]

EC Number KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
4.2.3.144 0.0305
-
 geranylgeranyl diphosphate recombinant enzyme, pH 7.0, 30°C Laurus nobilis
4.2.3.144 0.0434
-
 geranylgeranyl diphosphate recombinant enzyme, pH 7.0, 30°C Laurus nobilis

Localization

EC Number Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
4.2.3.108 chloroplast the putative amino-terminal extension of 45 amino acids of the LnTPS1 upstream of the RRx8W motif and sequence analysis predicts a plastidic localization for the enzyme Laurus nobilis 9507
-

Metals/Ions

EC Number Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
4.2.3.108 Mg2+ required Laurus nobilis

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
4.2.3.108 geranyl diphosphate + H2O Laurus nobilis
-
 1,8-cineole + diphosphate
-
 ?
4.2.3.144 geranylgeranyl diphosphate + H2O Laurus nobilis
-
 (6E,10E)-geranyllinalool + diphosphate
-
 ?

Organic Solvent Stability

EC Number Organic Solvent Comment Organism
4.2.3.144 Methanol 50% v/v inactivates the enzyme Laurus nobilis

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
4.2.3.108 Laurus nobilis A0A0H4U5M2
-
-
4.2.3.144 Laurus nobilis A0A0H4U599
-
-

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number Purification (Comment) Organism
4.2.3.108 recombinant His-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) by nickel affinity chromatography Laurus nobilis
4.2.3.144 recombinant His-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) LnTPS3 does not bind to the nickel-agarose column, and is instead partially purified by anion exchange chromatography and desalting gel filtration to about 5% purity Laurus nobilis

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
4.2.3.108 flower especially female flowers Laurus nobilis
-
4.2.3.108 fruit ripe Laurus nobilis
-
4.2.3.108 leaf high enzyme content, fresh Laurus nobilis leaves, the monoterpene 1,8-cineole is the main volatile compound, and alpha-terpinyl acetate, terpinene-4-ol, alpha- and beta-pinene, sabinene, and linalool are reported to occur in appreciable levels Laurus nobilis
-
4.2.3.108 additional information volatile profiles in leaves, flowers, fruits, and roots in male and female Laurus nobilis plants, overview Laurus nobilis
-
4.2.3.108 root
-
 Laurus nobilis
-
4.2.3.144 flower
-
 Laurus nobilis
-
4.2.3.144 fruit
-
 Laurus nobilis
-
4.2.3.144 leaf
-
 Laurus nobilis
-
4.2.3.144 additional information traces of geranylgeranyl diphosphate in all tissues, and small amounts of the C16-homoterpene 4,8,12-trimethyltridacan-1,3,7,11-tetraene (TMTT), which is derived from geranyllinalool Laurus nobilis
-
4.2.3.144 root
-
 Laurus nobilis
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
4.2.3.108 geranyl diphosphate + H2O
-
 Laurus nobilis 1,8-cineole + diphosphate
-
 ?
4.2.3.108 additional information with geranyl pyrophosphate (GPP) as a substrate, LnTPS1 catalyzes the formation of mostly 1,8-cineole, with alpha-thujene, alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, alpha-terpinene, gamma-terpinene, alpha-terpinolene, and a few other monoterpenes also produced, as detected by GC-MS analysis Laurus nobilis ?
-
 ?
4.2.3.144 (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + H2O
-
 Laurus nobilis trans-nerolidol + diphosphate
-
 ?
4.2.3.144 geranylgeranyl diphosphate + H2O
-
 Laurus nobilis (6E,10E)-geranyllinalool + diphosphate
-
 ?
4.2.3.144 additional information the partially purified LnTPS3 protein catalyzes the formation of geranyllinalool from geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) and trans-nerolidol from eeFPP, GC-MS analysis of reaction products. In absence of functional LnTPS3, no trans-geranyllinalool and trans-nerolidol synthase activities are detected. No activity with geranyl diphosphate Laurus nobilis ?
-
 ?

Subunits

EC Number Subunits Comment Organism
4.2.3.108 ? x * 67400, about, sequence calculation Laurus nobilis
4.2.3.144 ? x * 97700, about, sequence calculation Laurus nobilis

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
4.2.3.108 LnTPS1
-
 Laurus nobilis
4.2.3.108 TPS1
-
 Laurus nobilis
4.2.3.144 GLS
-
 Laurus nobilis
4.2.3.144 LnTPS3
-
 Laurus nobilis

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
4.2.3.144 30
-
 assay at Laurus nobilis

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
4.2.3.144 7
-
 assay at Laurus nobilis

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
4.2.3.108 evolution the monoterpene synthase belongs to the terpene synthases superfamily, TPS-b clade Laurus nobilis
4.2.3.108 physiological function fresh Laurus nobilis leaves, the monoterpene 1,8-cineole is the main volatile compound, and alpha-terpinyl acetate, terpinene-4-ol, alpha- and beta-pinene, sabinene, and linalool are reported to occur in appreciable levels. The 1,8-cineole content is also higher in femal flowers, overview Laurus nobilis
4.2.3.144 evolution geranyllinalool synthase activity is the likely ancestral function in angiosperms of genes belonging to an ancient TPS-e/f subclade that diverged from the kaurene synthase gene lineages before the split of angiosperms and gymnosperms. The geranyllinalool synthase subclade diverged from the rest of the TPS genes in clade e/f before the split of the gymnosperm and angiosperm lineages, enzymes encoded by genes in this subclade have only been characterized from eudicot species. Laurus nobilis also has a gene belonging to the geranyllinalool synthase subclade of TPS clade e/f and the enzyme encoded by this gene is an active geranyllinalool synthase. Geranyllinalool might have been one of the first specialized metabolites to have evolved from early stages in the evolution of the TPS gene family in plants. Phylogenetic analysis, unrooted tree Laurus nobilis
4.2.3.144 additional information volatile profiles in leaves, flowers, fruits, and roots in male and female Laurus nobilis plants, overview. The biggest gender differences are observed in the flowers, where female flowers have predominantly monoterpenes as well as eugenol and methyleugenol, whereas male flowers contain mostly sesquiterpenes and benzaldehyde Laurus nobilis