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UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine + globoside
UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-(1->3)-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-D-glucosylceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-(1->3)-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-D-glucosylceramide
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-R
UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-R
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + N-acetylgalactosaminyl-1,3-beta-galactosyl-alpha-1,3-galactosyl-beta-1,4-glucosylceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosamine-1,3-N-acetylgalactosaminyl-1,3-beta-galactosyl-alpha-1,3-galactosyl-beta-1,4-glucosylceramide
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + oligosaccharide of globoside
?
-
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine + globoside
UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine + globoside
UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
-
-
i.e. Forssman hapten
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
-
-
i.e. Forssman hapten
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
i.e. globoside, catalyzes the transfer of N-acetylgalactosamine in alpha-1,3-linkage to globoside
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
-
i.e. globoside, catalyzes the transfer of N-acetylgalactosamine in alpha-1,3-linkage to globoside
i.e. Forssman hapten
ir
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
-
general structure of preferred substrates: N-acetylgalactosaminyl-beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-R
i.e. Forssman hapten
ir
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
-
involved in biosynthesis of carbohydrate moiety of sphingoglycolipids
i.e. Forssman hapten
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
-
-
i.e. Forssman hapten
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
-
-
i.e. Forssman hapten
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
-
i.e. Forssman antigen
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
no activity
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-R
UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-R
production of the Forssman antigen
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-R
UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-R
substrate binding mechanism, binding site structures and involved amino acids, binding of the nucleotide sugar requires the residues A263, D206, E297, Q296, W295, and S180, binding of the acceptor sugar involves residues H228, Y259, E298, and others, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no substrates: oligosaccharide of blood type H substance, asialo-GM1, asialo-GM2 and GD1a, galactosyl-alpha-1,4-galactosyl-beta-1,4-glucosylceramide, UDP, UDP-galactose, 2'-fucosyllactose, H blood group glycoprotein, bovine submaxillary deglycosylated mucin, GM1-3, glucosyl-beta-1,1-ceramide, galactosyl-beta-1,1-ceramide, galactosyl-beta-1,4-glucosylceramide
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme is responsible for production of Forssman glycolipid, the enzyme modifies the Shiga toxin receptor glycolipids, e.g. globotriaosylceramide, to Forssman glycolipid, which results in highly decreased susceptibility for Shiga toxin, the enzyme expression level is directly related to the level of sensitivity for the cytotoxin
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
variability in glycolipid synthesis between species is an important determinant of microbial tropism
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
variability in glycolipid synthesis between species is an important determinant of microbial tropism
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
synthesis of Forssman (Fs) antigen, a pentaglycosyl ceramide (GalNAcalpha1-3GalNAcbeta1-3Galalpha1-4Galbeta1-4Glcbeta1-1Cer) terminated by GalNAc and belongs to the globo series of glycosphingolipids
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
synthesis of Forssman (Fs) antigen, a pentaglycosyl ceramide (GalNAcalpha1-3GalNAcbeta1-3Galalpha1-4Galbeta1-4Glcbeta1-1Cer) terminated by GalNAc and belongs to the globo series of glycosphingolipids
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme is responsible for production of Forssman glycolipid, the enzyme modifies the Shiga toxin receptor glycolipids, e.g. globotriaosylceramide, to Forssman glycolipid, which results in highly decreased susceptibility for Shiga toxin, the enzyme expression level is directly related to the level of sensitivity for the cytotoxin
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
mouse ABO gene-encoded cis-AB transferase, EC 2.4.1.37/2.4.1.40, contains the GlyGlyAla tripeptide sequence, which is also found in the majority of GBGT1 genes encoding Forssman glycolipid synthase. Mouse cis-AB transferase with the GlyGlyAla tripeptide sequence, but not the human cis-AB transferase with the LeuGlyAla, exhibits Forssman glycolipid synthase activity equivalent of mouse GBGT1 gene-encoded Forssman glycolipid synthase
-
-
-
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UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-R
UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-R
production of the Forssman antigen
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
-
-
i.e. Forssman hapten
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
-
involved in biosynthesis of carbohydrate moiety of sphingoglycolipids
i.e. Forssman hapten
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
-
-
i.e. Forssman hapten
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,3-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-glucosylceramide
-
-
i.e. Forssman hapten
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme is responsible for production of Forssman glycolipid, the enzyme modifies the Shiga toxin receptor glycolipids, e.g. globotriaosylceramide, to Forssman glycolipid, which results in highly decreased susceptibility for Shiga toxin, the enzyme expression level is directly related to the level of sensitivity for the cytotoxin
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
variability in glycolipid synthesis between species is an important determinant of microbial tropism
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
variability in glycolipid synthesis between species is an important determinant of microbial tropism
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
synthesis of Forssman (Fs) antigen, a pentaglycosyl ceramide (GalNAcalpha1-3GalNAcbeta1-3Galalpha1-4Galbeta1-4Glcbeta1-1Cer) terminated by GalNAc and belongs to the globo series of glycosphingolipids
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
synthesis of Forssman (Fs) antigen, a pentaglycosyl ceramide (GalNAcalpha1-3GalNAcbeta1-3Galalpha1-4Galbeta1-4Glcbeta1-1Cer) terminated by GalNAc and belongs to the globo series of glycosphingolipids
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme is responsible for production of Forssman glycolipid, the enzyme modifies the Shiga toxin receptor glycolipids, e.g. globotriaosylceramide, to Forssman glycolipid, which results in highly decreased susceptibility for Shiga toxin, the enzyme expression level is directly related to the level of sensitivity for the cytotoxin
-
-
?
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Okajima, T.; Nakamura, Y.; Uchikawa, M.; Haslam, D.B.; Numata, S.I.; Furukawa, K.; Urano, T.; Furukawa, K.
Expression cloning of human globoside synthase cDNAs. Identification of beta 3Gal-T3 as UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine:globotriaosylceramide beta 1,3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
J. Biol. Chem.
275
40498-40503
2000
Homo sapiens (O75752), Homo sapiens
brenda
Kijimoto, S.; Ishibashi, T.; Makita, A.
Biosynthesis of Forssman hapten from globoside by alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase of guinea pig tissues
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
56
177-184
1974
Cavia porcellus
brenda
Taniguchi, N.; Yokosawa, N.; Gasa, S.; Makita, A.
UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine:globoside alpha-3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase. Purification, characterization, and some properties
J. Biol. Chem.
257
10631-10637
1982
Canis lupus familiaris
brenda
Ishibashi, T.; Ohkubo, I.; Makita, A.
Solubilization and partial characterization of UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine: globoside alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase from dog spleen microsomes
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
484
24-34
1977
Canis lupus familiaris
brenda
Ishibashi, T.; Atsuta, T.; Makita, A.
Effects of uridine nucleotides and nucleotide pyrophosphatase on glycolipid alpha and beta-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase activities in guinea pig microsomes
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
429
759-767
1976
Cavia porcellus
brenda
Haslam, D.B.; Baenziger, J.U.
Expression cloning of Forssman glycolipid synthetase: a novel member of the histo-blood group ABO gene family
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
93
10697-10702
1996
Canis lupus familiaris (Q95158), Canis lupus familiaris
brenda
Xu, H.; Storch, T.; Yu, M.; Elliott, S.P.; Haslam, D.B.
Characterization of the human Forssman synthetase gene. An evolving association between glycolipid synthesis and host-microbial interactions
J. Biol. Chem.
274
29390-29398
1999
Canis lupus familiaris, Homo sapiens, Homo sapiens (Q8N5D6)
brenda
Heissigerova, H.; Breton, C.; Moravcova, J.; Imberty, A.
Molecular modeling of glycosyltransferases involved in the biosynthesis of blood group A, blood group B, Forssman, and iGb3 antigens and their interaction with substrates
Glycobiology
13
377-386
2003
Canis lupus familiaris (Q95158)
brenda
Elliott, S.P.; Yu, M.; Xu, H.; Haslam, D.B.
Forssman synthetase expression results in diminished shiga toxin susceptibility: a role for glycolipids in determining host-microbe interactions
Infect. Immun.
71
6543-6552
2003
Canis lupus familiaris, Mus musculus, no activity in Homo sapiens
brenda
Turcot-Dubois, A.L.; Le Moullac-Vaidye, B.; Despiau, S.; Roubinet, F.; Bovin, N.; Le Pendu, J.; Blancher, A.
Long-term evolution of the CAZY glycosyltransferase 6 (ABO) gene family from fishes to mammals--a birth-and-death evolution model
Glycobiology
17
516-528
2007
Rattus norvegicus, Rattus norvegicus (Q3L7L9), Rattus norvegicus (Q3L7M0)
brenda
Jacob, F.; Hitchins, M.P.; Fedier, A.; Brennan, K.; Nixdorf, S.; Hacker, N.F.; Ward, R.; Heinzelmann-Schwarz, V.A.
Expression of GBGT1 is epigenetically regulated by DNA methylation in ovarian cancer cells
BMC Mol. Biol.
15
24
2014
Homo sapiens (Q8N5D6), Homo sapiens
brenda
Yamamoto, M.; Cid, E.; Yamamoto, F.
Crosstalk between ABO and Forssman (FORS) blood group systems FORS1 antigen synthesis by ABO gene-encoded glycosyltransferases
Sci. Rep.
7
41632
2017
Mus musculus (P38649)
brenda
Yamamoto, M.; Tarasco, M.C.; Cid, E.; Kobayashi, H.; Yamamoto, F.
ABO blood group A transferase and its codon 69 substitution enzymes synthesize FORS1 antigen of FORS blood group system
Sci. Rep.
9
9717
2019
Homo sapiens (P16442), Homo sapiens
brenda