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Literature summary extracted from
- Fibrates inhibit aldose reductase activity in the forward and reverse reactions (2005), Biochem. Pharmacol., 70, 1653-1663.
Cloned(Commentary)
| EC Number | Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 1.1.1.21 | overexpression of His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21 | Homo sapiens |
Inhibitors
| EC Number | Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.1.21 | bezafibrate | noncompetitive, IC50: 0.003 mM, recombinant enzyme | Homo sapiens |  |
| 1.1.1.21 | ciprofibrate | competitive, IC50: 0.00086 mM, recombinant enzyme | Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | Clofibric acid | noncompetitive, IC50: 0.0012 mM, recombinant enzyme | Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | fenofibrate | competitive, IC50: 0.00056 mM, recombinant enzyme | Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | gemfibrozil | noncompetitive, IC50: 0.0065 mM, recombinant enzyme | Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | sorbinil | competitive, IC50: 0.0021 mM, recombinant enzyme | Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | zopolrestat | competitive, IC50: 0.00006 mM, recombinant enzyme | Homo sapiens | |
KM Value [mM]
| EC Number | KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.1.21 | additional information | - |
additional information | kinetics | Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 0.092 | - |
DL-glyceraldehyde | pH 6.2, 25°C, recombinant enzyme | Homo sapiens | |
Organism
| EC Number | Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.1.21 | Homo sapiens | - |
- |
- |
Purification (Commentary)
| EC Number | Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 1.1.1.21 | recombinant His-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain BL21 by metal affinity chromatography, removal of the His-tag by thrombin, and anion exchange chromatography to homogeneity | Homo sapiens |
Source Tissue
| EC Number | Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.1.21 | placenta | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| EC Number | Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.1.21 | benzyl alcohol + oxidized 3-acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide + H+ | - |
Homo sapiens | benzaldehyde + reduced 3-acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide | - |
r | |
| 1.1.1.21 | DL-glyceraldehyde + NADPH + H+ | - |
Homo sapiens | glycerol + NADP+ | - |
r | |
Synonyms
| EC Number | Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.1.21 | aldose reductase | - |
Homo sapiens |
Temperature Optimum [°C]
| EC Number | Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.1.21 | 25 | - |
assay at | Homo sapiens |
Turnover Number [1/s]
| EC Number | Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] | Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.1.21 | 0.76 | - |
DL-glyceraldehyde | pH 6.2, 25°C, recombinant enzyme | Homo sapiens | |
pH Optimum
| EC Number | pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.1.21 | additional information | - |
pH preference depends on the substrate | Homo sapiens |
| 1.1.1.21 | 6.2 | - |
assay at | Homo sapiens |
Cofactor
| EC Number | Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.1.21 | NADP+ | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | NADPH | - |
Homo sapiens | |
Ki Value [mM]
| EC Number | Ki Value [mM] | Ki Value maximum [mM] | Inhibitor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.1.21 | additional information | - |
additional information | inhibition kinetics, pH dependence of inhibition, overview | Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 0.000043 | - |
zopolrestat | pH 6.2, 25°C, recombinant enzyme | Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 0.00045 | - |
sorbinil | pH 6.2, 25°C, recombinant enzyme | Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 0.00056 | - |
fenofibrat | pH 6.2, 25°C, recombinant enzyme | Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 0.00088 | - |
ciprofibrate | pH 6.2, 25°C, recombinant enzyme | Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 0.0011 | 0.0026 | bezafibrate | pH 6.2, 25°C, recombinant enzyme | Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 0.0012 | 0.0037 | gemfibrozil | pH 6.2, 25°C, recombinant enzyme | Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 0.00124 | - |
Clofibric acid | pH 6.2, 25°C, recombinant enzyme | Homo sapiens | |
IC50 Value
| EC Number | IC50 Value | IC50 Value Maximum | Comment | Organism | Inhibitor | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.1.21 | 0.00006 | - |
competitive, IC50: 0.00006 mM, recombinant enzyme | Homo sapiens | zopolrestat | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 0.00056 | - |
competitive, IC50: 0.00056 mM, recombinant enzyme | Homo sapiens | fenofibrate | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 0.00086 | - |
competitive, IC50: 0.00086 mM, recombinant enzyme | Homo sapiens | ciprofibrate | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 0.0012 | - |
noncompetitive, IC50: 0.0012 mM, recombinant enzyme | Homo sapiens | Clofibric acid | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 0.0021 | - |
competitive, IC50: 0.0021 mM, recombinant enzyme | Homo sapiens | sorbinil | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 0.003 | - |
noncompetitive, IC50: 0.003 mM, recombinant enzyme | Homo sapiens | bezafibrate | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 0.0065 | - |
noncompetitive, IC50: 0.0065 mM, recombinant enzyme | Homo sapiens | gemfibrozil | |
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