EC Number   |
General Information |
Reference |
|---|
   1.1.1.149 | evolution |
3alpha-HSOR is a member of the aldo-keto reductase superfamily |
763094 |
| 1.1.1.149 | evolution |
the enzyme is a member of the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) superfamily that metabolizes endogenous substrates, such as carbohydrates, prostaglandins and steroids, and xenobiotics in a NAD(P)(H)-dependent manner |
739864 |
| 1.1.1.149 | malfunction |
the expression of 5alpha-reductase (5alpha-R) and 3alpha-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase (3alpha-HSOR) and the levels of progesterone and testosterone reduced metabolites show regional and sex differences in the nervous system and are affected by changing physiological conditions as well as by neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. A decrease in their nervous tissue levels may negatively impact the course and outcome of some pathological events. In other pathological conditions their increased levels may have a negative impact. Thus, the use of synthetic analogues of these steroids or 5alpha-R modulation have been proposed as therapeutic approaches for several nervous system pathologies. Changes in brain levels of PROG metabolites have been detected in Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse models, such as the 3xTg-AD mouse |
763094 |
| 1.1.1.149 | malfunction |
the expression of 5alpha-reductase (5alpha-R) and 3alpha-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase (3alpha-HSOR) and the levels of progesterone and testosterone reduced metabolites show regional and sex differences in the nervous system and are affected by changing physiological conditions as well as by neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. A decrease in their nervous tissue levels may negatively impact the course and outcome of some pathological events. In other pathological conditions their increased levels may have a negative impact. Thus, the use of synthetic analogues of these steroids or 5alpha-R modulation have been proposed as therapeutic approaches for several nervous system pathologies. Low plasma testosterone levels are significantly associated with increased risk of Alzheimer's disease in elderly men, while higher free testosterone levels in women are associated with lower cerebral Abeta positivity |
763094 |
| 1.1.1.149 | metabolism |
the enzymatic complex 5alpha-reductase (5alpha-R) and 3alpha/3beta-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase (HSOR) is expressed in the nervous system, where it transforms progesterone and testosterone into neuroactive metabolites. These metabolites regulate myelination, brain maturation, neurotransmission, reproductive behavior and the stress response. The expression of 5alpha-R and 3alpha-HSOR and the levels of progesterone and testosterone reduced metabolites show regional and sex differences in the nervous system and are affected by changing physiological conditions as well as by neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Biosynthesis of progesterone and testosterone metabolites and their mechanism of action, overview |
763094 |
| 1.1.1.149 | physiological function |
crucial role of AKR1C1 in the acquisition of daunorubicin resistance of leukemic cells by metabolizing both daunorubicin and cytotoxic aldehydes derived from ROS-linked lipid peroxidation. Daunorubicin, at its sublethal doses, induces the expression of AKR1C1 and AKR1C3, EC 1.1.1.239, both of which reduce the daunorubicin sensitivity of the cells, AKR1C3 is more inducible than AKR1C1 by the daunorubicin treatment |
739864 |
| 1.1.1.149 | physiological function |
the enzymatic complex 5alpha-R and 3alpha-HSOR colocalizes in glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons of the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, amygdala and thalamus, suggesting that metabolites so formed are relevant for neurotransmitter synthesis and the modulation of their activity in these cells. The metabolites of progesterone and testosterone formed by the action of the enzymatic complex 5alpha-R and 3alpha- or 3beta-HSOR have a profound physiological impact in the nervous system, because they are also ligands for a variety of neuronal and glial receptors that are not directly modulated by progesterone and testosteron. The reduced metabolites of progesterone are also involved in mood regulation. Actions of progesterone and testosterone metabolites in physiological conditions, overview. The enzyme is involed in regulation of the levels of progesterone and testosterone reduced metabolites in the nervous system. Tetrahydroprogesterone (THP) treatment reduces seizures, prevents cell apoptosis in the spinal cord of STZ diabetic and protects against stroke, oxygen-glucose deprivation |
763094 |
| 1.1.1.149 | physiological function |
the enzymatic complex 5alpha-R and 3alpha-HSOR colocalizes in glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons of the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, amygdala and thalamus, suggesting that metabolites so formed are relevant for neurotransmitter synthesis and the modulation of their activity in these cells. The metabolites of progesterone and testosterone formed by the action of the enzymatic complex 5alpha-R and 3alpha- or 3beta-HSOR have a profound physiological impact in the nervous system, because they are also ligands for a variety of neuronal and glial receptors that are not directly modulated by progesterone and testosterone. The reduced metabolites of progesterone are also involved in mood regulation. Actions of progesterone and testosterone metabolites in physiological conditions, overview. The enzyme is involed in regulation of the levels of progesterone and testosterone reduced metabolites in the nervous system |
763094 |
| 1.1.1.149 | physiological function |
the enzymatic complex 5alpha-R and 3alpha-HSOR colocalizes in glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons of the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, amygdala and thalamus, suggesting that metabolites so formed are relevant for neurotransmitter synthesis and the modulation of their activity in these cells. The metabolites of progesterone and testosterone formed by the action of the enzymatic complex 5alpha-R and 3alpha- or 3beta-HSOR have a profound physiological impact in the nervous system, because they are also ligands for a variety of neuronal and glial receptors that are not directly modulated by progesterone and testosterone. The reduced metabolites of progesterone are also involved in mood regulation. Actions of progesterone and testosterone metabolites in physiological conditions, overview. The enzyme is involed in regulation of the levels of progesterone and testosterone reduced metabolites in the nervous system. Metabolite of dihydrotestosterone (DHT), 4-androsten-3alpha,17beta-diol, exerts europrotective effects in SH-SY5Y neuronal cells and in primary cortical neurons, inhibiting the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase induced by amyloid beta peptide 1-42. Interestingly, this effect is mediated by both GABA-A receptor-dependent and independent mechanisms |
763094 |
| 1.1.1.149 | physiological function |
the enzyme regulates cortisol side-chain cleavage by reducing the C-20 carboxyl group on cortisol |
-, 763262 |
