2.1.1.160: caffeine synthase
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For detailed information about caffeine synthase, go to the full flat file.
Reaction
Synonyms
1-N-methyltransferase, 1NMT, 3, 7-dimethylxanthine methyltransferase, 3,7-dimethylxanthine methyltransferase, 7-N-methylxanthine methyltransferase, caffeine synthase, caffeine synthase 1, CCS, CCS1, coffee caffeine synthase 1, CS, CtCS6, DXMT, DXMT1, N-1 methyltransferase, TCS, TCS1, tea caffeine synthase, tea caffeine synthase 1, theobromine 1-N-methyltransferase
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Engineering
Engineering on EC 2.1.1.160 - caffeine synthase
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R221H
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mutation in rare allele TCS1g. Mutant has theobromine synthase activity, reaction of EC 2.1.1.159, but lacks caffeine synthase activity. Contents of caffeine and theobromine in the cultivar are 40.3 mg/g and 5.4 mg/g, respectively
additional information
construction and substrate specificity determination of chimeric mutant enzymes composed of theobromine synthase and inactive caffeine synthase, EC 2.1.1.160, overview
additional information
construction and substrate specificity determination of chimeric mutant enzymes composed of theobromine synthase and inactive caffeine synthase, EC 2.1.1.160, overview
additional information
B9VI89
Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated silencing of caffeine synthesis through root transformation in Camellia sinensis suign the RNAi construct, pFGC1008-CS. The pFGC1008-CS contained 376 bp of caffeine synthase cDNA fragment in sense and antisense direction with an intron in between. Marked reduction in caffeine and theobromine contents in young shoots of tea seedlings occur after root transformation
additional information
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Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated silencing of caffeine synthesis through root transformation in Camellia sinensis suign the RNAi construct, pFGC1008-CS. The pFGC1008-CS contained 376 bp of caffeine synthase cDNA fragment in sense and antisense direction with an intron in between. Marked reduction in caffeine and theobromine contents in young shoots of tea seedlings occur after root transformation
additional information
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isolation of a partial fragment of caffeine synthase from cv. Kangra jat and usage for design an RNAi construct, pFGC1008-CS, detection of siRNAs specific to caffeine synthase in transgenic plants. Transformation of somatic embryos with the developed construct using a biolistic method. Transformed somatic embryos show reduction in the levels of caffeine synthase transcript expression as well as in caffeine content. Transgenic plants generated from the transformed somatic embryos show a significant suppression of caffeine synthase transcript expression and also a reduction of 44-61% in caffeine and 46-67% in theobromine contents as compared to the controls
additional information
reduction of the second enzyme of the pathway, 7-methylxanthine methyltransferase, EC 2.1.1.159, leads to reduced DXMT1 expression
additional information
transgenic Nicotiana tabacum plant leaves expressing all three enzymes required for the biosynthesis of caffeine are no longer eaten by the tobacco cutworm caterpillars, Spodoptera litura, overview
additional information
naturally occuring low-caffeine fruits contain an extra transcript of the caffeine synthase gene containing only part of exon 1 and all of exon 3. The sequence of the mutant caffeine synthase gene shows a substitution I266V in the enzyme active site that probably interferes with enzymatic activity. The absence of caffeine in these mutants probably results from a combination of transcriptional regulation and the presence of mutations
additional information
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naturally occuring low-caffeine fruits contain an extra transcript of the caffeine synthase gene containing only part of exon 1 and all of exon 3. The sequence of the mutant caffeine synthase gene shows a substitution I266V in the enzyme active site that probably interferes with enzymatic activity. The absence of caffeine in these mutants probably results from a combination of transcriptional regulation and the presence of mutations
additional information
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reduction of the second enzyme of the pathway, 7-methylxanthine methyltransferase, EC 2.1.1.159, leads to reduced DXMT1 expression
additional information
Q2HXL8
construction and substrate specificity determination of chimeric mutant enzymes composed of theobromine synthase and inactive caffeine synthase, EC 2.1.1.160, overview