2.5.1.21: squalene synthase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about squalene synthase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 2.5.1.21
-
2.5.1.21
-
farnesylation
-
cholesterol
-
prenylation
-
sterol
-
ftase
-
mevalonate
-
geranylgeranylation
-
isoprenoids
-
leukemia
-
geranylgeranyltransferase
-
pyrophosphate
-
tipifarnib
-
hmg-coa
-
statin
-
h-ras
-
peptidomimetic
-
epoxidase
-
prenyltransferase
-
dolichols
-
rhob
-
isoprenylation
-
triterpene
-
farnesol
-
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl
-
lamins
-
ergosterol
-
cholesterol-lowering
-
hmgcr
-
prelamin
-
p21ras
-
lovastatin
-
hutchinson-gilford
-
lanosterol
-
manumycin
-
triterpenoids
-
synthesis
-
progerin
-
farnesylpyrophosphate
-
cis-prenyltransferase
-
drug development
-
oxidosqualene
-
ras-transformed
-
medicine
-
ras-dependent
-
nonsterols
-
ras-mediated
-
withanolides
-
srebp-2
-
ganoderic
-
agriculture
-
geranylgeraniol
-
industry
-
cycloartenol
-
non-thiol
-
2,3-oxidosqualene
- 2.5.1.21
-
farnesylation
- cholesterol
-
prenylation
- sterol
- ftase
- mevalonate
-
geranylgeranylation
-
isoprenoids
- leukemia
-
geranylgeranyltransferase
- pyrophosphate
- tipifarnib
- hmg-coa
- statin
- h-ras
-
peptidomimetic
-
epoxidase
- prenyltransferase
- dolichols
- rhob
-
isoprenylation
-
triterpene
- farnesol
-
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl
- lamins
- ergosterol
-
cholesterol-lowering
- hmgcr
-
prelamin
-
p21ras
- lovastatin
-
hutchinson-gilford
- lanosterol
- manumycin
-
triterpenoids
- synthesis
-
progerin
-
farnesylpyrophosphate
- cis-prenyltransferase
- drug development
- oxidosqualene
-
ras-transformed
- medicine
-
ras-dependent
-
nonsterols
-
ras-mediated
-
withanolides
- srebp-2
-
ganoderic
- agriculture
- geranylgeraniol
- industry
- cycloartenol
-
non-thiol
- 2,3-oxidosqualene
Reaction
2 (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + + = + 2 diphosphate +
Synonyms
BbSS, BSS, CrSQS, dt-ySQase, Erg9, EtSS, farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase, farnesyl-diphosphate:farnesyldiphosphate farnesyltransferase, farnesyldiphosphate farnesyltransferase 1, farnesyldiphosphate:farnesyldiphosphate farnesyltransferase, farnesyltransferase, FDFT1, hSQS, presqualene synthase, presqualene-diphosphate synthase, SgSQS, SQase, SQS, SQS1, SQS2, squalene synthase, squalene synthase 1, squalene synthase 2, squalene synthetase, SS1, SSase, SSN, synthase, squalene, TkSQS1, TkSQS2
ECTree
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Reference
Reference on EC 2.5.1.21 - squalene synthase
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Kuswik-Rabiega, G.; Rilling, H.C.
Squalene synthetase. Solubilization and partial purification of squalene synthetase, copurification of presqualene pyrophosphate and squalene synthetase activities
J. Biol. Chem.
262
1505-1509
1987
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Agnew, W.S.
Squalene synthetase
Methods Enzymol.
110
359-373
1985
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Nishino, T.; Katsuki, H.
Formation of 12-cis-dehydrosqualene catalyzed by squalene synthetase
Methods Enzymol.
110
373-375
1985
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Qureshi, A.A.; Beytia, E.D.; Porter, J.W.
Squalene synthetase. I. Dissociation and reassociation of enzyme complex
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
48
1123-1128
1972
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Sasiak, K.; Rilling, H.C.
Purification to homogeneity and some properties of squalene synthetase
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
260
622-627
1988
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Washburn, W.N.; Kow, R.
Investigations of substrate specificity of squalene synthase
Tetrahedron Lett.
18
1555-1558
1977
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
-
Poulter, C.D.; Capson, T.L.; Thompson, M.D.; Bard, R.S.
Squalene synthetase. Inhibition by ammonium analogues of carbocationic intermediates in the conversion of presqualene diphosphate to squalene
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
111
3734-3739
1989
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
-
Ortiz de Montellano, P.R.; Wei, J.S.; Vinson, W.A.; Castillo, R.; Boparai, A.S.
Substrate selectivity of squalene synthetase
Biochemistry
16
2680-2685
1977
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Rattus norvegicus
McKenzie, T.L.; Jiang, G.; Straubhaar, J.R.; Conrad, D.G.; Shechter, I.
Molecular cloning, expression, and characterization of the cDNA for the rat hepatic squalene synthase
J. Biol. Chem.
267
21368-21374
1992
Rattus norvegicus
Belingheri, L.; Beyer, P.; Kleinig, H.; Gleizes, M.
Solubilization and partial purification of squalene synthase from daffodil microsomal membranes
FEBS Lett.
292
34-36
1991
Narcissus pseudonarcissus
Koyama, T.; Ogura, K.; Seto, S.
Substrate specificity of squalene synthetase
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
617
218-224
1980
Sus scrofa
Takatsuji, H.; Nishino, T.; Izui, K.; Katsuki, H.
Formation of dehydrosqualene catalyzed by squalene synthetase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
J. Biochem.
91
911-921
1982
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Sus scrofa
Zhang, D.; Jennnings, S.M.; Robinson, G.W.; Poulter, C.D.
Yeast squalene synthase: expression, purification, and characterization of soluble recombinant enzyme [published erratum appears in Arch Biochem Biophys 1993 Sep;305(2):622]
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
304
133-143
1993
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
LoGrasso, P.V.; Soltis, D.A.; Boettcher, B.R.
Overexpression, purification, and kinetic characterization of a carboxyl-terminal-truncated yeast squalene synthetase
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
307
193-199
1993
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Ericsson, J.; Appelkvist, E.L.; Thelin, A.; Chojnacki, T.; Dallner, G.
Isoprenoid biosynthesis in rat liver peroxisomes. Characterization of cis-prenyltransferase and squalene synthetase
J. Biol. Chem.
267
18708-18714
1992
Rattus norvegicus
Hanley, K.; Chappell, J.
Solubilization, partial purification, and immunodetection of squalene synthetase from tobacco cell suspension cultures
Plant Physiol.
98
215-220
1992
Nicotiana tabacum
Shechter, I.; Klinger, E.; Rucker, M.L.; Engstrom, R.G.; Spirito, J.A.; Islam, M.A.; Boettcher, B.R.; Weinstein, D.B.
Solubilization, purification, and characterization of a truncated form of rat hepatic squalene synthetase
J. Biol. Chem.
267
8628-8635
1992
Rattus norvegicus
Shechter, I.; Bloch, K.
Solubilization and purification of trans-farnesyl pyrophosphate-squalene synthetase
J. Biol. Chem.
246
7690-7696
1971
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Agnew, W.S.; Popjak, G.
Squalene synthetase. Stoichiometry and kinetics of presqualene pyrophosphate and squalene synthesis by yeast microsomes
J. Biol. Chem.
253
4566-4573
1978
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Agnew, W.S.; Popjak, G.
Squalene synthetase. Solubilization from yeast microsomes of a phospholipid-requiring enzyme
J. Biol. Chem.
253
4574-4583
1978
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Dugan, R.E.; Porter, J.W.
Hog liver squalene synthetase: the partial purification of the particulate enzyme and kinetic analysis of the reaction
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
152
28-35
1972
Sus scrofa
Devarenne, T.P.; Shin, D.H.; Back, K.; Yin, S.; Chappell, J.
Molecular characterization of tobacco squalene synthase and regulation in response to fungal elicitor
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
349
205-215
1998
Nicotiana tabacum
Thompson, J.F.; Danley, D.E.; Mazzalupo, S.; Milos, P.M.; Lira, M.E.; Harwood, H.J., Jr.
Truncation of human squalene synthase yields active, crystallizable protein
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
350
283-290
1998
Homo sapiens (P37268), Homo sapiens
Okada, S.; Devarenne, T.P.; Chappell, J.
Molecular characterization of squalene synthase from the green microalga Botryococcus braunii, race B
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
373
307-317
2000
Botryococcus braunii (Q9SDW9), Botryococcus braunii
Soltis, D.A.; McMahon, G.; Caplan, S.L.; Dudas, D.A.; Chamberlin, H.A.; Vattay, A.; Dottavio, D.; Rucker, M.L.; Engstrom, R.G.; et al.
Expression, purification, and characterization of the human squalene synthase: use of yeast and baculoviral systems
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
316
713-723
1995
Homo sapiens
Devarenne, T.P.; Ghosh, A.; Chappell, J.
Regulation of squalene synthase, a key enzyme of sterol biosynthesis, in tobacco
Plant Physiol.
129
1095-1106
2002
Nicotiana tabacum
Mookhtiar, K.A.; Kalinowski, S.S.; Zhang, D.; Poulter, C.D.
Yeast squalene synthase. A mechanism for addition of substrates and activation by NADPH
J. Biol. Chem.
269
11201-11207
1994
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Gu, P.; Ishii, Y.; Spencer, T.A.; Shechter, I.
Function-structure studies and identification of three enzyme domains involved in the catalytic activity in rat hepatic squalene synthase
J. Biol. Chem.
273
12515-12525
1998
Rattus norvegicus
Hayashi, H.; Hirota, A.; Hiraoka, N.; Ikeshiro, Y.
Molecular cloning and characterization of two cDNAs for Glycyrrhiza glabra squalene synthase
Biol. Pharm. Bull.
22
947-950
1999
Glycyrrhiza glabra
Tansey, T.R.; Shechter, I.
Structure and regulation of mammalian squalene synthase
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1529
49-62
2000
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus
Pandit, J.; Danley, D.E.; Schulte, G.K.; Mazzalupo, S.; Pauly, T.A.; Hayward, C.M.; Hamanaka, E.S.; Thompson, J.F.; Harwood, H.J., Jr.
Crystal structure of human squalene synthase. A key enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis
J. Biol. Chem.
275
30610-30617
2000
Homo sapiens (P37268), Homo sapiens
Nakashima, T.; Inoue, T.; Oka, A.; Nishino, T.; Osumi, T.; Hata, S.
Cloning, expression, and characterization of cDNAs encoding Arabidopsis thaliana squalene synthase
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
92
2328-2332
1995
Arabidopsis thaliana
Kroon, P.A.; Threlfall, D.R.
Squalene synthase from cell suspension cultures of Tabernaemontana divaricata
Phytochemistry
45
1157-1163
1997
Tabernaemontana divaricata
-
Zhang, D.l.; Poulter, C.D.
Biosynthesis of non-head-to-tail isoprenoids. Synthesis of 1'-1 and 1'-3 structures by recombinant yeast squalene synthase
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
117
1641-1642
1995
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Akamine, S.; Nakamori, K.; Chechetka, S.A.; Banba, M.; Umehara, Y.; Kouchi, H.; Izui, K.; Hata, S.
cDNA cloning, mRNA expression, and mutational analysis of the squalene synthase gene of Lotus japonicus
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1626
97-101
2003
Lotus japonicus (Q84LE3), Lotus japonicus
Ishihara, T.; Kakuta, H.; Moritani, H.; Ugawa, T.; Yanagisawa, I.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel propylamine derivatives as orally active squalene synthase inhibitors
Bioorg. Med. Chem.
12
5899-5908
2004
Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus
Orenes Lorente, S.; Gomez, R.; Jimenez, C.; Cammerer, S.; Yardley, V.; de Luca-Fradley, K.; Croft, S.L.; Ruiz Perez, L.M.; Urbina, J.; Gonzalez Pacanowska, D.; Gilbert, I.H.
Biphenylquinuclidines as inhibitors of squalene synthase and growth of parasitic protozoa
Bioorg. Med. Chem.
13
3519-3529
2005
Leishmania major
Seo, J.W.; Jeong, J.H.; Shin, C.G.; Lo, S.C.; Han, S.S.; Yu, K.W.; Harada, E.; Han, J.Y.; Choi, Y.E.
Overexpression of squalene synthase in Eleutherococcus senticosus increases phytosterol and triterpene accumulation
Phytochemistry
66
869-877
2005
Panax ginseng (O48666), Panax ginseng
Lee, M.H.; Jeong, J.H.; Seo, J.W.; Shin, C.G.; Kim, Y.S.; In, J.G.; Yang, D.C.; Yi, J.S.; Choi, Y.E.
Enhanced triterpene and phytosterol biosynthesis in Panax ginseng overexpressing squalene synthase gene
Plant Cell Physiol.
45
976-984
2004
Panax ginseng (O48666), Panax ginseng
Sealey-Cardona, M.; Cammerer, S.; Jones, S.; Ruiz-Perez, L.M.; Brun, R.; Gilbert, I.H.; Urbina, J.A.; Gonzalez-Pacanowska, D.
Kinetic characterization of squalene synthase from Trypanosoma cruzi: selective inhibition by quinuclidine derivatives
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
51
2123-2129
2007
Trypanosoma cruzi
Charlton-Menys, V.; Durrington, P.N.
Squalene synthase inhibitors: clinical pharmacology and cholesterol-lowering potential
Drugs
67
11-16
2007
Homo sapiens
Brusselmans, K.; Timmermans, L.; Van de Sande, T.; Van Veldhoven, P.P.; Guan, G.; Shechter, I.; Claessens, F.; Verhoeven, G.; Swinnen, J.V.
Squalene synthase, a determinant of raft-associated cholesterol and modulator of cancer cell proliferation
J. Biol. Chem.
282
18777-18785
2007
Homo sapiens
Okazaki, H.; Tazoe, F.; Okazaki, S.; Isoo, N.; Tsukamoto, K.; Sekiya, M.; Yahagi, N.; Iizuka, Y.; Ohashi, K.; Kitamine, T.; Tozawa, R.; Inaba, T.; Yagyu, H.; Okazaki, M.; Shimano, H.; Shibata, N.; Arai, H.; Nagai, R.Z.; Kadowaki, T.; Osuga, J.; Ishibashi, S.
Increased cholesterol biosynthesis and hypercholesterolemia in mice overexpressing squalene synthase in the liver
J. Lipid Res.
47
1950-1958
2006
Mus musculus
Bedi, M.; Niesen, M.; Lopez, D.
Inhibition of squalene synthase upregulates PCSK9 expression in rat liver
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
470
116-119
2008
Rattus norvegicus
Paradise, E.M.; Kirby, J.; Chan, R.; Keasling, J.D.
Redirection of flux through the FPP branch-point in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by down-regulating squalene synthase
Biotechnol. Bioeng.
100
371-378
2008
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Do, R.; Pare, G.; Montpetit, A.; Hudson, T.J.; Gaudet, D.; Engert, J.C.
K45R variant of squalene synthase increases total cholesterol levels in two study samples from a French Canadian population
Hum. Mutat.
29
689-694
2008
Homo sapiens
Lee, S.; Poulter, C.D.
Cloning, solubilization, and characterization of squalene synthase from Thermosynechococcus elongatus BP-1
J. Bacteriol.
190
3808-3816
2008
Thermosynechococcus vestitus
Huang, Z.; Jiang, K.; Pi, Y.; Hou, R.; Liao, Z.; Cao, Y.; Han, X.; Wang, Q.; Sun, X.; Tang, K.
Molecular cloning and characterization of the yew gene encoding squalene synthase from Taxus cuspidata
J. Biochem. Mol. Biol.
40
625-635
2007
Taxus cuspidata (A9NJG0), Taxus cuspidata
Zhao, M.W.; Liang, W.Q.; Zhang, D.B.; Wang, N.; Wang, C.G.; Pan, Y.J.
Cloning and characterization of squalene synthase (SQS) gene from Ganoderma lucidum
J. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
17
1106-1112
2007
Ganoderma lucidum (A0SJQ5), Ganoderma lucidum
Choi, S.W.; Hur, N.Y.; Ahn, S.C.; Kim, D.S.; Lee, J.K.; Kim, D.O.; Park, S.K.; Kim, B.Y.; Baik, M.Y.
Isolation and structural determination of squalene synthase inhibitor from Prunus mume fruit
J. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
17
1970-1975
2007
Sus scrofa
Busquets, A.; Keim, V.; Closa, M.; del Arco, A.; Boronat, A.; Arro, M.; Ferrer, A.
Arabidopsis thaliana contains a single gene encoding squalene synthase
Plant Mol. Biol.
67
25-36
2008
Arabidopsis thaliana (O23118), Arabidopsis thaliana (P53799), Arabidopsis thaliana
Seiki, S.; Frishman, W.H.
Pharmacologic inhibition of squalene synthase and other downstream enzymes of the cholesterol synthesis pathway: a new therapeutic approach to treatment of hypercholesterolemia
Cardiol. Rev.
17
70-76
2009
Callithrix sp., Canis lupus familiaris, Cavia porcellus, Cricetus cricetus, Homo sapiens, Macaca sp., Mus musculus, Oryctolagus cuniculus, Rattus norvegicus
Do, R.; Kiss, R.S.; Gaudet, D.; Engert, J.C.
Squalene synthase: a critical enzyme in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway
Clin. Genet.
75
19-29
2009
Cavia porcellus, Oryctolagus cuniculus, Homo sapiens, Macaca mulatta, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus
Pan, J.J.; Bugni, T.S.; Poulter, C.D.
Recombinant squalene synthase. synthesis of cyclopentyl non-head-to-tail triterpenes
J. Org. Chem.
74
7562-7565
2009
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Uchida, H.; Yamashita, H.; Kajikawa, M.; Ohyama, K.; Nakayachi, O.; Sugiyama, R.; Yamato, K.T.; Muranaka, T.; Fukuzawa, H.; Takemura, M.; Ohyama, K.
Cloning and characterization of a squalene synthase gene from a petroleum plant, Euphorbia tirucalli L
Planta
229
1243-1252
2009
Euphorbia tirucalli (B9WZW7), Euphorbia tirucalli
Calo, F.; Bondke, A.; Richardson, J.; White, A.; Barrett, A.
Total synthesis and determination of the absolute stereochemistry of the squalene synthase inhibitors CJ-13,981 and CJ-13,982
Tetrahedron Lett.
50
3388-3390
2009
Homo sapiens
-
Griebenow, N.; Flessner, T.; Buchmueller, A.; Raabe, M.; Bischoff, H.; Kolkhof, P.
Identification and optimization of tetrahydro-2H-3-benzazepin-2-ones as squalene synthase inhibitors
Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
21
2554-2558
2011
Homo sapiens
Griebenow, N.; Buchmueller, A.; Kolkhof, P.; Schamberger, J.; Bischoff, H.
Identification of 4H,6H-[2]benzoxepino[4,5-c][1,2]oxazoles as novel squalene synthase inhibitors
Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
21
3648-3653
2011
Homo sapiens
Ichikawa, M.; Ohtsuka, M.; Ohki, H.; Haginoya, N.; Itoh, M.; Sugita, K.; Usui, H.; Suzuki, M.; Terayama, K.; Kanda, A.
Discovery of novel tricyclic compounds as squalene synthase inhibitors
Bioorg. Med. Chem.
20
3072-3093
2012
Rattus norvegicus
Sun, Y.; Zhao, Y.; Wang, L.; Lou, H.X.; Cheng, A.X.
Cloning and expression analysis of squalene synthase, a key enzyme involved in antifungal steroidal glycoalkaloids biosynthesis from Solanum nigrum
Drug Discov. Ther.
6
242-248
2012
Solanum nigrum
Bhargava, P.; Kumar, K.; Chaudhaery, S.S.; Saxena, A.K.; Roy, U.
Cloning, overexpression and characterization of Leishmania donovani squalene synthase
FEMS Microbiol. Lett.
311
82-92
2010
Leishmania donovani (Q257D4), Leishmania donovani, Leishmania donovani MHOM/IN/80/Dd8 (Q257D4)
Liu, C.I.; Jeng, W.Y.; Chang, W.J.; Ko, T.P.; Wang, A.H.
Binding modes of zaragozic acid A to human squalene synthase and staphylococcal dehydrosqualene synthase
J. Biol. Chem.
287
18750-18757
2012
Homo sapiens
Grover, A.; Samuel, G.; Bisaria, V.S.; Sundar, D.
Enhanced withanolide production by overexpression of squalene synthase in Withania somnifera
J. Biosci. Bioeng.
115
680-685
2013
Withania somnifera
Gupta, N.; Sharma, P.; Santosh Kumar, R.J.; Vishwakarma, R.K.; Khan, B.M.
Functional characterization and differential expression studies of squalene synthase from Withania somnifera
Mol. Biol. Rep.
39
8803-8812
2012
Withania somnifera (H9L9T8), Withania somnifera
Kalra, S.; Kumar, S.; Lakhanpal, N.; Kaur, J.; Singh, K.
Characterization of Squalene synthase Gene from Chlorophytum borivilianum (Sant. and Fernand.)
Mol. Biotechnol.
54
944-953
2013
Chlorophytum borivilianum (I6Z427), Chlorophytum borivilianum
Kim, Y.S.; Cho, J.H.; Park, S.; Han, J.Y.; Back, K.; Choi, Y.E.
Gene regulation patterns in triterpene biosynthetic pathway driven by overexpression of squalene synthase and methyl jasmonate elicitation in Bupleurum falcatum
Planta
233
343-355
2011
Bupleurum falcatum (Q32R64), Bupleurum falcatum
Ginzberg, I.; Thippeswamy, M.; Fogelman, E.; Demirel, U.; Mweetwa, A.M.; Tokuhisa, J.; Veilleux, R.E.
Induction of potato steroidal glycoalkaloid biosynthetic pathway by overexpression of cDNA encoding primary metabolism HMG-CoA reductase and squalene synthase
Planta
235
1341-1353
2012
Solanum tuberosum (Q9XJ31), Solanum tuberosum, Solanum tuberosum Desiree (Q9XJ31)
Liu, C.I.; Jeng, W.Y.; Chang, W.J.; Shih, M.F.; Ko, T.P.; Wang, A.H.
Structural insights into the catalytic mechanism of human squalene synthase
Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D
70
231-241
2014
Homo sapiens (P37268), Homo sapiens
Shiuan, D.; Chen, Y.H.; Lin, H.K.; Huang, K.J.; Tai, D.F.; Chang, D.K.
Discovering peptide inhibitors of human squalene synthase through screening the phage-displayed cyclic peptide c7c library
Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol.
179
597-609
2016
Homo sapiens (P37268), Homo sapiens
Linscott, K.B.; Niehaus, T.D.; Zhuang, X.; Bell, S.A.; Chappell, J.
Mapping a kingdom-specific functional domain of squalene synthase
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1861
1049-1057
2016
Arabidopsis thaliana, Homo sapiens (P37268), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P53866), Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Botryococcus braunii (Q9SDW9)
Ohtake, K.; Saito, N.; Shibuya, S.; Kobayashi, W.; Amano, R.; Hirai, T.; Sasaki, S.; Nakano, C.; Hoshino, T.
Biochemical characterization of the water-soluble squalene synthase from Methylococcus capsulatus and the functional analyses of its two DXXD(E)D motifs and the highly conserved aromatic amino acid residues
FEBS J.
281
5479-5497
2014
Methylococcus capsulatus (Q60AN4), Methylococcus capsulatus
Furubayashi, M.; Li, L.; Katabami, A.; Saito, K.; Umeno, D.
Directed evolution of squalene synthase for dehydrosqualene biosynthesis
FEBS Lett.
588
3375-3381
2014
Thermosynechococcus vestitus, Homo sapiens (P37268), Homo sapiens, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P53866), Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Katabami, A.; Li, L.; Iwasaki, M.; Furubayashi, M.; Saito, K.; Umeno, D.
Production of squalene by squalene synthases and their truncated mutants in Escherichia coli
J. Biosci. Bioeng.
119
165-171
2015
Thermosynechococcus vestitus, Homo sapiens (P37268), Homo sapiens
Huang, D.; Yao, Y.; Zhang, H.; Mei, Z.; Wang, R.; Feng, L.; Liu, B.
Directed optimization of a newly identified squalene synthase from Mortierella alpine based on sequence truncation and site-directed mutagenesis
J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
42
1341-1352
2015
Mortierella alpina (A0A0K2F2K4), Mortierella alpina, Mortierella alpina ATCC 32222 (A0A0K2F2K4)
Hong, W.K.; Heo, S.Y.; Park, H.M.; Kim, C.H.; Sohn, J.H.; Kondo, A.; Seo, J.W.
Characterization of a squalene synthase from the thraustochytrid microalga Aurantiochytrium sp. KRS101
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Aurantiochytrium sp. KRS101 (U3KZM8)
Saito, K.; Shirasago, Y.; Suzuki, T.; Aizaki, H.; Hanada, K.; Wakita, T.; Nishijima, M.; Fukasawa, M.
Targeting cellular squalene synthase, an enzyme essential for cholesterol biosynthesis, is a potential antiviral strategy against hepatitis C virus
J. Virol.
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2015
Homo sapiens (P37268), Homo sapiens
Sanchita, S.; Singh, G.; Sharma, A.
In silico study of binding motifs in squalene synthase enzyme of secondary metabolic pathway of Solanaceae [corrected]
Mol. Biol. Rep.
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2014
Withania somnifera (H9L9T8), Withania somnifera
Patel, N.; Patel, P.; Kendurkar, S.; Thulasiram, H.; Khan, B.
Overexpression of squalene synthase in Withania somnifera leads to enhanced withanolide biosynthesis
Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult.
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2015
Withania somnifera (H9L9T8)
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Kajikawa, M.; Kinohira, S.; Ando, A.; Shimoyama, M.; Kato, M.; Fukuzawa, H.
Accumulation of squalene in a microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by genetic modification of squalene synthase and squalene epoxidase genes
PLoS ONE
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2015
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Zha, L.; Liu, S.; Su, P.; Yuan, Y.; Huang, L.
Cloning, prokaryotic expression and functional analysis of squalene synthase (SQS) in Magnolia officinalis
Protein Expr. Purif.
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28-34
2016
Magnolia officinalis (A0A140DJS0), Magnolia officinalis
Lee, P.Y.; Yong, V.C.; Rosli, R.; Gam, L.H.; Chong, P.P.
Cloning, expression and purification of squalene synthase from Candida tropicalis in Pichia pastoris
Protein Expr. Purif.
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15-21
2014
Candida tropicalis (C5M7M6), Candida tropicalis, Candida tropicalis ATCC MYA-3404 (C5M7M6)
Filiz, E.; Ozyigit, I.; Vatansever, R.
Comparative analyses of squalene synthase (SQS) proteins in poplar and pine by using bioinformatics tools
Tree Genet. Genomes
12
32
2016
Populus trichocarpa (B9HRH0), Pinus massoniana (W6D7A6)
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Bell, S.A.; Niehaus, T.D.; Nybo, S.E.; Chappell, J.
Structure-function mapping of key determinants for hydrocarbon biosynthesis by squalene and squalene synthase-like enzymes from the green alga Botryococcus braunii race B
Biochemistry
53
7570-7581
2014
Botryococcus braunii (Q9SDW9), Botryococcus braunii
Zhao, H.; Tang, Q.; Mo, C.; Bai, L.; Tu, D.; Ma, X.
Cloning and characterization of squalene synthase and cycloartenol synthase from Siraitia grosvenorii
Acta Pharm. Sin. B
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2017
Siraitia grosvenorii (K7NBW9), Siraitia grosvenorii
Song, J.; Shang, N.; Baig, N.; Yao, J.; Shin, C.; Kim, B.K.; Li, Q.; Malwal, S.R.; Oldfield, E.; Feng, X.; Guo, R.T.
Aspergillus flavus squalene synthase as an antifungal target Expression, activity, and inhibition
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
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2019
Aspergillus flavus (A0A2P2GY60), Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus flavus AF70 (A0A2P2GY60)
Su, H.; Liu, Y.; Xiao, Y.; Tan, Y.; Gu, Y.; Liang, B.; Huang, H.; Wu, Y.
Molecular and biochemical characterization of squalene synthase from Siraitia grosvenorii
Biotechnol. Lett.
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2017
Siraitia grosvenorii (A0A192YD12), Siraitia grosvenorii
Liu, G.; Fu, J.
Squalene synthase cloning and functional identification in wintersweet plant (Chimonanthus zhejiangensis)
Bot. Stud.
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2018
Chimonanthus grammatus, Chimonanthus zhejiangensis (A0A3G3C7U6), Chimonanthus zhejiangensis, Chimonanthus salicifolius (A0A3G3C7V3)
Katselou, M.G.; Matralis, A.N.; Kourounakis, A.P.
Developing potential agents against atherosclerosis Design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of novel dual inhibitors of oxidative stress and squalene synthase activity
Eur. J. Med. Chem.
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2017
Rattus norvegicus (Q02769)
Rong, Q.; Jiang, D.; Chen, Y.; Shen, Y.; Yuan, Q.; Lin, H.; Zha, L.; Zhang, Y.; Huang, L.
Molecular cloning and functional analysis of squalene synthase 2(SQS2) in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge
Front. Plant Sci.
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Salvia miltiorrhiza (M4H1H3), Salvia miltiorrhiza
Jiang, D.; Rong, Q.; Chen, Y.; Yuan, Q.; Shen, Y.; Guo, J.; Yang, Y.; Zha, L.; Wu, H.; Huang, L.; Liu, C.
Molecular cloning and functional analysis of squalene synthase (SS) in Panax notoginseng
Int. J. Biol. Macromol.
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658-666
2017
Panax notoginseng
Pattanaik, B.; Englund, E.; Nolte, N.; Lindberg, P.
Introduction of a green algal squalene synthase enhances squalene accumulation in a strain of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
Metab. Eng. Commun.
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2020
Botryococcus braunii (Q9SDW9), Botryococcus braunii
Chen, Y.; Chen, X.; Luo, G.; Zhang, X.; Lu, F.; Qiao, L.; He, W.; Li, G.; Zhang, Y.
Discovery of potential inhibitors of squalene synthase from traditional Chinese medicine based on virtual screening and in vitro evaluation of lipid-lowering effect
Molecules
23
1040
2018
Homo sapiens (P37268)
Zhang, B.; Liu, Y.; Chen, M.; Feng, J.; Ma, Z.; Zhang, X.; Zhu, C.
Cloning, expression analysis and functional characterization of squalene synthase (SQS) from Tripterygium wilfordii
Molecules
23
269
2018
Tripterygium wilfordii (A0A142IKD0), Tripterygium wilfordii
Macias-Alonso, M.; Andres, L.S.; Cordova-Guerrero, I.; Estolano-Cobian, A.; Diaz-Rubio, L.; Marrero, J.G.
Inhibition of squalene synthase of rat liver by abietane diterpenes derivatives
Nat. Prod. Res.
35
2972-2976
2019
Rattus norvegicus (Q02769)
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